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The Xiangshan uranium orefield in Jiangxi province is the largest volcanic uranium metallogenic cluster in China. Recent deep exploration has identified large-scale Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic mineralization at depths beneath 700 m in the western orefield,forming a distinct vertical zoning of“upper uranium and lower polymetallic mineralization”. This unique geological feature provides a natural laboratory for investigating uranium-polymetallic metallogenic systems in volcanic terrains of South China. In this study, sulfide monominerals(arsenopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite and galena) from the main metallogenic stage of deep polymetallic mineralization, collected from the scientific deep drilling borehole CUSD3 and adjacent boreholes in western Xiangshan, were selected for systematic mineralogical observations and high-precision sulfur and lead isotopic analyses. The results show that δ34SV-CDTvalues of the sulfides range from 1.9 ‰ to 6.5 ‰, with a typical tower-shaped distribution peaking at 4 ‰-5 ‰;the δ34S values of different sulfides follow the order of galena < pyrite < sphalerite, with sulfur isotope fractionation equilibrium essentially reached between coexisting sphalerite and galena. The calculated total sulfur isotopic composition(δ34SΣS) of the ore-forming hydrothermal fluid is ～4.4 ‰, indicating a predominantly magmatic sulfur source. Equilibrium temperatures calculated from coexisting mineral pairs range from 238 to 362 ℃, suggesting a moderate to moderate-high temperature hydrothermal metallogenic environment, and the two distinct temperature intervals confirm two-stage hydrothermal mineralization, with the low-temperature stage concentrated in the core of the Heyuanbei-Xiaopi Fault Zone, likely related to mixing of low-temperature meteoric fluids triggered by fault reactivation. Lead isotopic analyses reveal that ore sulfides have stable compositions with typical normal common lead characteristics; the μ values(238U/204Pb) of ore lead mainly range from 9.62 to 10.11, with the vast majority above 9.58. Combined with genetic discrimination diagram analyses,ore-forming metals are confirmed to be mainly derived from the upper crust,with minor input from the early basement orogenic belt. Significant lead isotopic differences between ore lead and Cretaceous volcanic-subvolcanic rocks in the study area rule out a shared deep crustal magmatic source. This study clarifies the ore-forming material sources and fluid evolution of the deep polymetallic mineralization in Xiangshan, provides key geochemical constraints for deciphering the genesis of the “upper uranium and lower polymetallic” structure and the metallogenic coupling between uranium and polymetallic mineralization,and offers theoretical support for deep polymetallic prospecting optimization in volcanic-type uranium orefields of South China.
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Basic Information:
China Classification Code:P618.2
Citation Information:
[1]LIU Jungang,LI Ziying,NIE Jiangtao.Ore-forming material source of deep polymetallic mineralization in the Xiangshan uranium ore field, Jiangxi: constraints from S-Pb isotope tracing[J].World Nuclear Geoscience,2026,43(03):417-434.
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核技术研发项目“诸广地区花岗岩型铀成矿综合预测研究”项目(编号：地2301-2-5)资助~~
2026-05-11
2026-05-11
2026-05-11